Information adapted from the Nueva, California School Library Homepage and the Wenatchee High School Bibliographic Citation Format handout developed by the Wenatchee High School Librarians, Kari Weiss and Tricia Devereaux.
General format for bibliography :
1. For each source listed, begin first line at margin and indent each line that follows.
2. Underline (if you are typing or writing by hand) or use italics (if you are using a computer) for titles of books, periodicals, and software. Titles of articles are enclosed in quotation marks.
3. If required information, such as author or place of publication, is not available, just leave it out.
4. Arrange all sources in ONE list, alphabetically by first word, which will generally be either the author's last name or the first important word of a title. If the first word of the title is "A," "An," or "The" ignore it and use the next word.
Book with one author: example
1. Author (Edward Shorter)
2. Title of book--underlined or in italics. (The Health Century)
3. City of publication (New York)
4. Publisher, date of publication. (Doubleday, 1987)
Shorter, Edward. The Health Century. New York: Doubleday, 1987.
Book with two authors: example
1. Authors--in the order they are given in the book. (James F. Fries and Lawrence M. Crapo.)
2. Title of book--underlined or in italics. (Vitality and Aging.)
3. City of publication. (San Francisco)
4. Publisher, date (W.H. Freeman and Company, 1981.
Book with more than two authors: example
1. Authors--in the order they are given in the book. (Hoyt, Gimlin, Sandra Stencel, Laurie De Maris, and Elizabeth Furbush, eds.
2. Title of book--underlined or in italics. (Staying Healthy: Nutrition, Lifestyle and Medicine)
3. City of publication (Washington, D.C.)
4. Publisher, date (Congressional Quarterly, Inc., 1984)
Book, no author named: example:
1. Title of book--underlined or in italics. (The Incredible Machine)
2. City of publication (Washington, D.C.)
3. Publisher, date (National Geographic Society, 1986)
The Incredible Machine. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1986.
Encyclopedia and other reference book article, unsigned: example
1. Title of article in quotations. (Health")
2. Title of book--underlined or in italics. (The New Encyclopaedia Britannica)
3. Date of edition (1993 ed)
"Health." The New Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1993 ed.
Encyclopedia and other reference book article, signed: example
1. Author ( Malcolm R. Eiselen)
2. Title of article in quotations ("Franklin, Benjamin.")
3. Title of book--underlined or in italics (The World Book Encyclopedia)
4. Date of edition (1994 ed.)
Eiselen, Malcolm R. "Franklin, Benjamin." The World Book Encyclopedia, 1994 ed.
Magazine article, signed: example
1. Author (Phillip Elmer-Dewitt)
2. Title of the article in quotations ("Fat Times.")
3. Name of the magazine underlined or in italics (Time)
4. Date and pages of article (16 January 1995: 58)
Elmer-Dewitt, Phillip. "Fat Times." Time, 16 January 1995: 58.
Magazine article, unsigned: example
1. Title of the article in quotations ("Why Your Head Hurts and How to Make it Stop.)
2. Name of the magazine underlined or in italics (Health)
3. Date and pages of article (January/February 1995: 95)
"Why Your Head Hurts and How to Make it Stop." Health, January/February 1995: 95.
Piece from an anthology: example
1. Author (Thomas Lux)
2. Title of the article in quotations ("Hospital View")
3. Name of the book--underlined or in italics (Articulations: The Body and Illness in Poetry.)
4. Editor of the anthology (Ed. Jon Mukand.)
5. Place of publication (Iowa City)
7. Page of article (53)
Newspaper article: example
1. Author (Bruce Ramsey)
2. Title of the article in quotations ("Changing the Formula.")
3. Name of the newspaper--underlined or in quotations (Seattle Post-Intelligencer)
4. Date and page (11 September 1995: B3)
Ramsey, Bruce. "Changing the Formula." Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 11 September 1995: B3.
Pamphlet, signed: example
1. Title of the pamphlet--underlined or in italics (Smoking, Chewing and Cancer.)
2. Place of publication (Boston)
3. Publisher and date (Davis and Sons, 1995)
Smoking, Chewing and Cancer. Boston: Davis and Sons, 1995.
Encyclopedia and other publications on CD-ROM: example
1. Author, if known (Ramunas Kondratas)
2. Title of article in quotations ("Public Health." )
3. Name of the CD product (The New Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia)
4. Name of the publisher and date (Grolier Publishing, Inc. 1993.)
For an article from an encyclopedia found online: example
1. Author, if shown
2. Title of article in quotations ("Animal Rights.")
3. Name of encyclopedia--underlined or in italics (Compton's Multimedia Encyclopedia.)
4. Name of publisher, date of publication, if available (Compton's Learning Company, 1996.)
5. Name of the online service you used. (America Online)
6. Date of your visit, in parentheses. ( (22 August 1996))
World Wide Web: example
1. Author (if known) (Joe R. Momma)
2. Title of article in quotations ("Oncology for Beginners,")
3. Full http address preceded by Internet--WWW, URL
5. Date of visit
Internet or other online communication article - Email or Newsgroup:
1. Author (if known) (Kurth Grosshans)
2. Title of the site in quotations ("Ask Mr. Science,")
3. Internet - E mail address
4. Date of visit
Grosshans, Kurt. "Ask Mr. Science," Internet - E mail. apscichs@radford.vaked.edu. 12 Novembe1994.
Audiovisual materials: example
1. Author, if known
2. Title, underlined or in italics
3. The type of audiovisual material it is
4. Name of publisher
5. Date of publication and length.
The Champion Within. Videocassette. Metropolitan Pittsburgh Public Broadcasting, Inc., 1988. 60 min.
Personal interview: example
1. Name of the person interviewed and their title, if there is one
2. Who conducted the interview
3. Where the interview took place
4. Date of the interview